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| + | ===== PLOTINO - TRATADO 23,9 (VI, 5, 9) — A ESFERA SENSÍVEL NÃO POSSUI SENÃO UMA ÚNICA COISA, UMA ÚNICA VIDA E UMA ÚNICA ALMA ===== | ||
| + | <tabbox Míguez> | ||
| + | 9. Si pensamos por añadidura que todas las cosas engendradas -y naturalmente los elementos- originan una figura esférica, no por ello hemos de decir que una pluralidad de causas concurre parcialmente, | ||
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| + | Mas, posiblemente no convenga tomar al pie de la letra lo del número que aumenta, porque lo que se afirma es que el alma, aun siendo una, no falta a nada. Esta unidad suya no es una unidad que pueda medirse, ya que se mide tan sólo esa otra unidad engañosa, que participa de la imagen de la unidad. La unidad verdadera no está compuesta de muchas partes, porque si así fuese, una vez se la privase de alguna parte la unidad total desaparecería. Tampoco se ve constreñida a determinados límites, pues relacionada entonces con las demás cosas, podría disminuir en tanto ellas aumentaban, o dividirse violentamente al querer extenderse a todo. No estaría presente por entero en todas las cosas sino que se daría de manera particular en cada parte de ellas; y, como se dice, desconocería en qué lugar de la tierra se encuentra, ya que no sería capaz de reunirse sino que, al contrario, se inclinaría a una clara división. Si, pues, esta unidad se nos muestra como verdadera -esta unidad que no es un predicado sino un sujeto-, conviene que haga manifiesta en su potencia una naturaleza contraria a la suya, esto es, la propia multiplicidad de que hablamos. Pero esta multiplicidad no aparecería fuera de ella, si no es como dependiente y proveniente de ella, ya que ella al fin posee la unidad real y, en sí misma, el ser infinito y la multiplicidad. | ||
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| + | Una unidad de esta clase se encuentra toda ella y por entero en todo lugar, puesto que posee una razón que se abarca a sí misma y que, al identificarse con ella, hace que de ningún modo se aleje de sí sino que se dé en todas partes en sí misma. La unidad, por tanto, no se halla separada de las otras cosas en cuanto al lugar; porque, anterior a todas las cosas que están en el lugar, en nada necesita de él. Son las cosas las que tienen necesidad de ella para encontrar un sitio en el universo. Ahora bien; una vez situadas las cosas, la unidad no abandona el lugar que posee en sí misma, porque es claro que si este lugar cambiase, todas las cosas quedarían destruidas al quedar privadas de su punto de apoyo. Ciertamente, | ||
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| + | <tabbox Bouillet> | ||
| + | IX. Que l'on conçoive réunis en une sphère tous les éléments lorsqu' | ||
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| + | <tabbox Guthrie> | ||
| + | THE UNITY OF THE SOUL PROVES THAT OF THE SUPREME. | ||
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| + | 9. If all the elements, when begotten, were to be gathered into one sphere, (there would be an opportunity of observing and comparing them. The result would be a conclusion that) this sphere does not have a plurality or a diversity of authors, one of whom would have created one part, and another author, another. The production of this sphere will imply a single Author, who created it by acting, as a whole; not producing one part of creation by one part of Himself, and another part of creation, by another part of Himself. In the latter case, the sphere might still have several authors, if the production of the totality were not traced to a single, indivisible Principle. Though this single and indivisible Principle be the author of the entire sphere, it does not interpenetrate the sphere; for it is the entire Sphere which depends on its author. One only and single Life contains the entire Sphere, because this is located in a single Life. All the things that are in the sphere may, therefore, be reduced to a single Life, and all the souls form a Soul which is single, but which is simultaneously infinite. That is why certain philosophers have said that the soul is a number; others, that the number produces increase in the soul, no doubt meaning by that, that nothing is deficient in soul, that she is everywhere without ceasing to be herself. As to the expression, “to produce increase to the soul,” this must not be taken literally, but so as to mean that the soul, in spite of her unity, is absent nowhere; for the unity of the soul is not a unity that can be measured; that is the peculiarity of another being which falsely claims unity for itself, and which succeeds in gaining the appearance of unity only by participating therein. The Essence which really is one is not a unity composed of several things; for the withdrawal of one of them would destroy the total unity. Nor is it separated from the other things by limits; for if the other things were assimilated thereto, it would become smaller in the case where these would be greater; either it would split itself up into fragments by seeking to penetrate all, and instead of being present to all, as an entirety, it would be reduced to touching their parts by its own parts. If then this Essence may justly be called one, if unity may be predicated of its being, it must, in a certain manner, seem to contain the nature opposed to its own; that is, the manifold; it must not attract this manifoldness from without, but it must, from and by itself, possess this manifold; it must veritably be one, and by its own unity be infinite and manifold. Being such, it seems as if it were everywhere a Reason (a being), which is single, and which contains itself. It is itself that which contains; and thus containing itself, it is no where distant from itself; it is everywhere in itself. It is not separated from any other being by a local distance; for it existed before all the things which are in a locality; it had no need of them; it is they, on the contrary, which need to be founded on it. Even though they should come to be founded on it, it would not, on that account, cease resting on itself as a foundation. If this foundation were to be shaken, immediately all other things would perish, since they would have lost the base on which they rested. Now this Essence could not lose reason to the point of dissolving itself by withdrawing from itself; and to be about to trust itself to the deceptive nature of space which needs it for preservation. | ||
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| + | <tabbox MacKenna> | ||
| + | 9. The elements in their totality, as they stand produced, may be thought of as one spheric figure; this cannot be the piecemeal product of many makers each working from some one point on some one portion. There must be one cause; and this must operate as an entire, not by part executing part; otherwise we are brought back to a plurality of makers. The making must be referred to a partless unity, or, more precisely, the making principle must be a partless unity not permeating the sphere but holding it as one dependent thing. In this way the sphere is enveloped by one identical life in which it is inset; its entire content looks to the one life: thus all the souls are one, a one, however, which yet is infinite. | ||
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| + | It is in this understanding that the soul has been taken to be a numerical principle, while others think of it as in its nature a self-increasing number; this latter notion is probably designed to meet the consideration that the soul at no point fails but, retaining its distinctive character, is ample for all, so much so that were the kosmos vaster yet the virtue of soul would still compass it - or rather the kosmos still be sunk in soul entire. | ||
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| + | Of course, we must understand this adding of extension not as a literal increase but in the sense that the soul, essentially a unity, becomes adequate to omnipresence; | ||
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| + | The essential unity is no aggregate to be annulled upon the loss of some one of the constituents; | ||
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| + | Now if this principle is to be a true unity - where the unity is of the essence - it must in some way be able to manifest itself as including the contrary nature, that of potential multiplicity, | ||
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| + | The unity is in this way saved from the local division of the things in which it appears; and, of course, existing before all that is in place, it could never be founded upon anything belonging to that order of which, on the contrary, it is the foundation; yet, for all that they are based upon it, it does not cease to be wholly self-gathered; | ||
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| + | </ | ||
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| + | {{indexmenu> | ||
neoplatonismo/plotino/tratados-eneadas/23/23-9/start.txt · Last modified: by 127.0.0.1
